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本文探讨拖拉机离合器碟形弹簧在已知工作条件(工作载荷P_6,碟形弹簧外径D,内径d)下,如何利用优化设计方法选择出一组碟形弹簧的优化结构参数。要求在满足强度条件下,还要满足刚度等各项设计要求。以离合器摩擦片磨损前后工作载荷变化值为目标函数,以碟形弹簧内截锥高度H、弹簧板厚度δ、工作载荷变形量λ_b为设计变量,以强度条件、几何条件等为约束条件,利用SUMT(惩罚函数)法构造一个新的目标函数,然后利用无约束优化问题的算法—powell(共轭方向)法搜索最优点。根据所编译的优化设计程序,按不同的机型和工作条件输入相应的数据纸带和改变控制台变量,可迅速得出一组优化结构参数。因此,文中所提出的优化设计方法和所编的计算程序可推广应用于其它碟形弹簧的优化设计中。
In this paper, how to choose the optimal structural parameters of a set of disc springs by the optimized design method under the known working conditions (working load P_6, disc spring outer diameter D and inner diameter d) is discussed. Requirements under the conditions to meet the intensity, but also to meet the stiffness and other design requirements. Taking the changes of working load before and after wear of clutch friction plates as the objective function, the design parameters of cone disc height H, spring plate thickness δ and work load deformation λ_b are taken as design variables, and the condition of strength and geometry are used as constraints SUMT (penalty function) method to construct a new objective function, and then use the method ofowell (conjugate direction) to search the optimal point using the unconstrained optimization algorithm. According to the compiled optimization design program, according to different models and working conditions, enter the appropriate data tape and change the console variables, can quickly come to a set of optimal structural parameters. Therefore, the proposed optimization design method and the compiled calculation program can be extended to other disc springs in the optimal design.