Purpose To investigate the involvement of the chemokines CXCL10/ IP-10, CXCL1 1/I-TAC, CXCL8/1L-8, CXCL6/GCP-2, CCL3/MIP-1α, and CCL18/PARC, and gelatina ses A and B in uveitis. Design Prospective, experimental, case control study. M ethods Aqueous humor samples from 30 patients with active uveitis, and 14 contro l patients and paired serum samples were assayed for chemokines with specific en zyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and for gelatinase levels by quantita tive zymography. Results In control AH, none of the chemokines was detected. Gel atinase A was detected in all samples, and gelatinase B was detected in only one sample. In patients with uveitis, IP-10 was detected in all AH samples, wherea s I-TAC, IL-8, GCP-2, MIP-1α, and PARC were detected in three, 16, six, two , and 12 samples, respectively. IP-10 levels were significantly higher in AH sa mples than those of serum (P=.006). Gelatinase A was detected in 29 AH samples a nd gelatinase B was detected in 26 samples. Gelatinase A levels were significant ly higher in AH samples from patients than those of controls (P< .0001). In 11 A H samples, gelatinase B was detected in complex with lipocalin (NGAL). Disease a ctivity correlated significantly with the levels of IP 10 (r=.627; P< .0001), g elatinase A (r=.508 ; P=.002), gelatinase B (r=.685 ; P< .0001), and NGAL gelat inase B complex (r=.595 ; P< .0001). Conclusions These data suggest a pathogenic role of the T lymphocyte chemoattractant IP 10 and gelatinases in the recruitm ent and activity of T cells into the eye in patients with uveitis and in the pat hogenesis of uveitis. Purpose To investigate the involvement of the chemokines CXCL10 / IP-10, CXCL1 1 / I-TAC, CXCL8 / 1L-8, CXCL6 / GCP- 2, CCL3 / MIP- 1α, and CCL18 / PARC, and gelatina ses A and B in uveitis. Design Prospective, experimental, case control study. M ethods Aqueous humor samples from 30 patients with active uveitis, and 14 contro l patients and paired serum samples were assayed for chemokines with specific en zyme linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and for gelatinase Levels by quantita tive zymography. Results In control AH, none of the chemokines was detected. Gel atinase A was detected in all samples, and gelatinase B was detected in only one sample. In patients with uveitis, IP-10 was detected in all AH samples, wherea s I-TAC, IL-8, GCP-2, MIP-1α, and PARC were detected in three, 16, six, two, and 12 samples, respectively. IP-10 levels were significantly higher in AH sa mples than those of serum (P = .006). Gelatinase A was detected in 29 AH samples a nd gelatinase B was detected in 26 samples. Gelatinase A levels were significant ly higher in AH samples from patients than those of controls (P <.0001). In 11 AH samples, gelatinase B was detected in complex with lipocalin (NGAL). Disease a ctivity correlated significantly with the levels of IP (R = .627; P <.0001), g elatinase A (r = .508; P = .002), gelatinase B = .595; P <.0001). Conclusions These data suggest a pathogenic role of the T lymphocyte chemoattractant IP 10 and gelatinases in the recruitm ent and activity of T cells into the eye in patients with uveitis and in the pat hogenesis of uveitis.