这里谈第一幕,是就多幕剧而言,不把独幕剧算在里面。多幕剧的形式,各国有各国的传统。我们只想谈今天通行的话剧体裁。事实上,任何一种戏剧形式的开场,都负担着一种相同的任务:把主要人物的处境(现在的、历史的)交待明白;把他与陷入同一纠纷的人物的关系(敌意的、善意的)交待明白;同时,把环境促使他们心里出现的意向的萌芽扶植起来;如果可能的话,在建立环境的同时也建立气氛,引入真实感(或需要观众相信的、似应存在的真实感)。如果第一幕不能完成这些基本要求,除非写戏的人另有特殊意图和实现这些意图的特殊手法,否则,不能算是达到了目的。必须在社会生活的原型上完成第一幕的上述介绍任务。而社会生活是复杂的,生活原型几乎是一出戏一个样式,写戏的人表达 The first act here is about multi-screen play, not counting the one-act play. Multi-screen drama in the form of various countries have all the traditions. We just want to talk about the genre of drama that goes on today. In fact, the opening of any kind of dramatic form carries the same task: to understand the situation of the main character (present and historical); to relate his relationship with the person who is in the same dispute (hostile, goodwill ); At the same time, support the sprouting of the intention that the environment causes them to appear; if possible, establish an atmosphere while introducing an atmosphere of reality (or something that the audience needs to believe) . If the first of these basic requirements can not be fulfilled, it can not be attained unless the person writing the drama has another particular intent and the particular means of achieving these intentions. The above introductory tasks in the first act must be completed on the prototype of social life. The social life is complex, the prototype of life is almost a style of play, people who write expression