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在经典物理学中,介电常数和磁导率是描述均匀介质中电磁场性质最基本的两个物理量。对于常规电介质而言,介电常量和磁导率都为正值,电场、磁场和渡矢三者构成右手关系,这样的介质被称为右手材料。由于右手材料的折射率为正数,通常也称为正折射率材料。电介质普遍遵循的“右手关系”一直被认为是物质世界的常规,但这一常规却在20世纪60年代开始遭遇颠覆性的挑战。
In classical physics, dielectric constant and permeability are the two most basic physical quantities that describe the properties of an electromagnetic field in a homogeneous medium. For conventional dielectrics, both permittivity and permeability are positive, and the electric field, the magnetic field, and the crosshairs form a right-handed relationship. Such a medium is known as right-handed material. Since the right-handed material has a positive refractive index, it is also commonly referred to as a positive refractive index material. The “right-handed relationship” universally followed by dielectrics has long been considered the norm in the physical world, but this convention began to face subversive challenges in the 1960s.