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声表面波(Surface Acoustic Wave,简称SAW)化学传感器是一种可用于现场实时检测的气敏传感器,具有体积小、选择性好、信号响应快等特点,其中敏感膜材料是决定其性能的关键因素。本文主要介绍了传感器的工作原理,敏感膜与吸附气体之间的作用力,对膜材料的选择及性能影响因素进行了详细阐述。重点介绍了现有膜材料的分类及应用,主要有有机聚合物膜、无机物膜、超分子膜和复合膜,比较了它们的优缺点。对现有成果进行总结,同时提出了传感器膜材料的发展趋势。
Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) chemical sensor is a kind of gas sensor that can be used in real-time detection in the field. It has the characteristics of small volume, good selectivity and fast signal response. Among them, the sensitive membrane material is the key to determine its performance factor. This paper mainly introduces the working principle of the sensor, the force between the sensitive membrane and the adsorbed gas, the choice of the membrane material and the influencing factors of the performance. The classification and application of the existing membrane materials are mainly introduced, including organic polymer films, inorganic films, supramolecular films and composite films, and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. The existing achievements are summarized, and the development trend of sensor membrane materials is also put forward.