我院1982年夏秋季共收治“乙型脑炎”(简称乙脑)44例,其中15例经临床观察及试验治疗,最终证实为脑型间日疟,占34.1%。误诊为乙脑的原因,除病史询问及体检欠细外,囿于“脑型疟脑脊液正常”的传统概念,以致造成误诊。我们认为,脑型间日疟可引起脑脊液细胞数增多。为引起注意,特报道如下。临床资料15例中男11例,女4例。最小40天,最大17岁。突然起病,畏寒、高热、意识障碍及惊厥者9例,有反复抽搐者12例。体检:肝大13例,脾大8例,其中肝 44 cases of “B encephalitis” (abbreviated as JE) were admitted to our hospital in summer and autumn of 1982, of which 15 cases were clinically proven and tested. Misdiagnosed as JE reason, in addition to medical history inquiry and examination due to carelessness, 囿 “cerebral malaria cerebrospinal fluid is normal,” the traditional concept, resulting in misdiagnosis. We think that P. vivax may cause an increase in the number of CSF cells. To attract attention, special report as follows. Clinical data of 15 cases, 11 males and 4 females. Minimum 40 days, maximum 17 years old. Sudden onset, chills, fever, disturbance of consciousness and convulsions in 9 cases, 12 cases of repeated convulsions. Physical examination: 13 cases of hepatomegaly, 8 cases of splenomegaly, including liver