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作为当代美国最具影响力的科学哲学家之一,劳丹以带有工具主义色彩的解题模式重新阐释了科学合理性问题。他的科学合理性理论是建筑在对逻辑实证主义、波普的证伪主义,对历史主义的批判的基础之上的。这种研究思路突破并超越了传统的正统和非正统两种观念,试图把价值与目的联系了起来,不仅把科学看作是一种实践活动,而且认为科学是一种解题活动。仅而,劳丹探讨了科学理论的合理性问题,提出了著名的“劳丹三角形”:科学的进步是科学理论、方法论规则、科学认知目的三者互动的结果。
As one of the most influential American philosophers of science in the contemporary era, Laudan reinterprets the issue of scientific rationality with instrumentalist mode of solving problems. His theory of scientific rationality is based on the construction of logical positivism, Popper’s falsificationism, and historicism. This research idea has broken through and surpassed the traditional orthodox and unorthodox concepts and tried to link the value with the goal. It not only regards science as a practical activity, but also considers science as a solution activity. Instead, Laudan explores the rationality of scientific theory and proposes the famous “Laudan Triangle”: the progress of science is the result of the interaction of scientific theories, methodological rules, and scientific cognitive purposes.