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由于七十年代能源价格的上涨和对SO_2造成的环境污染越来越多的关注,人们对硫化矿精矿(特别是铜精矿)的湿法冶金工艺产生了强烈兴趣。湿法工艺可消除空气污染,直接产出电解铜,并有可能降低投资和操作费用。许多湿法工艺都进行过实验室和中间工厂规模的研究,它们大多数属氯化法。尽管技术上可行,但整个过程在强腐蚀介质中进行,所产生的实际问题是非常严重的,而且只有少数湿法工艺能连续产出电解铜。在消除SO_2污染的同时,湿法工艺排放的废水废渣又导致了新的环境污染。另外,湿法工艺不易回收精矿中的有价金银,不易获得高纯度的元素硫副产品。
Due to the increasing price of energy in the seventies and the increasing concern with environmental pollution caused by SO 2, there has been a strong interest in the hydrometallurgical process of sulphide ore concentrates, especially copper concentrates. Wet processes eliminate air pollution, directly produce electrolytic copper, and potentially reduce capital and operating costs. Many wet processes have been studied in the laboratory and in the middle of the plant scale, most of which are chlorinated. Although technically feasible, the entire process is carried out in strongly corrosive media, the actual problems that arise are very serious and only a few wet processes are capable of producing electrolytic copper continuously. While eliminating the SO 2 pollution, the waste water from the wet process has led to new environmental pollution. In addition, the wet process is not easy to recover the valuable gold and silver concentrate, difficult to obtain high purity elemental sulfur by-products.