Volatile oil was extracted from Illicium Verum Hook. f. by using steam distillation. 41 kinds of compounds were separated and identified by GC/MS, and their relative contents were determined by normalization method. Among 41 identified compounds, there are 14 hydrocarbon components and 22 oxygenated hydrocarbon derivatives, and a small amount of nitrogenous compounds. The main component is anethole, accoun ting for 76.23%, and the other components such as anisyl acetone, anisaldehyde, p allylanisole, p cumic aldehyde and p allylpen take up more than 10%. Volatile oil was extracted from Illicium Verum Hook. F. By using steam distillation. 41 kinds of compounds were separated and identified by GC / MS, and their relative contents were determined by normalization method. Among 41 compounds, there are 14 hydrocarbon components and The main component is anethole, accoun ting for 76.23%, and the other components such as anisyl acetone, anisaldehyde, plylylanisole, p cumic aldehyde and p allylpen take up more than 10 %.