在过去的一个世纪中，人类在经济领域作了两次大规模的试验。第一次，试图通过政府来分配资源，实行计划经济。第二次，试图引进市场机制，由计划经济向市场经济过渡。第一次试验以俄国十月革命为前导，以中国在1949年以後推行计划经济达到高潮。虽然有匈牙利、捷克等国的尝试 In the past century, mankind has conducted two large-scale experiments in the economic field. For the first time, attempts have been made to allocate resources and implement a planned economy through the government. The second time, trying to introduce the market mechanism from the planned economy to the market economy. The first experiment culminated in the October revolution in Russia and the climax of China’s planned economy after 1949. Although there are Hungary, Czech Republic and other countries try