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哺乳动物日复一日、交替出现的复杂的昼夜生理现象及行为表现,是由昼夜定时系统调控的。为了与24h内的昼夜变化同步,生理节律起步点不断地更改周期中的时相,随光线刺激出现的时间不同,时相或提前或推迟。有证据表明,生理节律起步点的存在部位可能是下丘脑视上核(SCN)的神经元;但如何与自然界的昼夜变化发生联系,所知甚少。解剖学研究表明,SCN的传入纤维有来自外侧膝状体腹侧的视觉传入纤维,在这些纤维中,含有鸡胰多肽(APP)样免疫活性。
Day after day, alternating mammalian circadian circadian phenomena and behavioral manifestations are controlled by the circadian system. In order to synchronize with the diurnal changes within 24 hours, the starting point of circadian rhythms constantly changes the phase in the cycle, which is different from the time when the light stimulus occurs, and the timing is either advanced or delayed. There is evidence that the site of the onset of circadian rhythms may be neurons of the hypothalamic supraoptic nucleus (SCN), but little is known about how they relate to the diurnal changes in nature. Anatomical studies have shown that the afferent fibers of the SCN have visual afferent fibers from the ventral lateral geniculate body, and in these fibers contain chicken pancreatic polypeptide (APP) -like immunocompetence.