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一、光弹性发展概况光弹性是实验应力分析的一个重要分支,它是力学、物理学和新技术相结合的一门学科,它和生产发展有着密切的关系。它的发展大致可分为四个阶段:第一阶段从1816年布鲁斯特(D.Brwster)发现玻璃在应力作用下具有双折射现象开始,大约花了二十多年的时间,作了定性的基础理论的研究工作。第二阶段从1841年开始,纽曼(F.Neumann)和马克斯威尔(J.C.Maxwell)先后建立了应力光学定律,使光测弹性力学进入了定量分析阶段。第三阶段是1930年以后,这期间大量解决生产实际问题,特别是1936年Oppel发表了“采用模型应力冻结的
First, the development of photoelasticity Photoelasticity is an important branch of the experimental stress analysis, which is a discipline combining mechanics, physics and new technologies. It has a close relationship with production and development. Its development can be broadly divided into four stages: The first stage From the beginning of 1816, D. Brwster discovered that glass has birefringence under stress and has taken about 20 years to make a qualitative Basic theory of research work. The second stage Since 1841, F.Neumann and J.C. Maxwell successively established the laws of stress and optics, which made the metrology of elasticity of elasticity into the stage of quantitative analysis. The third stage was after 1930, during which a substantial amount of practical problems of production were solved, in particular in 1936 Oppel published "Model Stress Freezing