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[目的]为今后大蒜施肥提供参考依据。[方法]以乐都紫皮大蒜为试验材料,采用3因素二次通用旋转组合设计,在柴达木地区研究紫皮大蒜施氮、磷、钾量与蒜薹产量、蒜头产量之间的关系。[结果]氮、磷、钾肥对蒜薹产量影响的顺序为氮肥(磷肥(钾肥,对蒜头产量影响的顺序为磷肥(钾肥(氮肥。在试验设计的水平范围内,随着氮、磷、钾施用量的增加,蒜薹产量逐渐增加,当各因素水平增加到一定程度时,再增加施肥量,蒜薹产量反而下降。在低氮时,磷肥对蒜薹产量的增产作用大;在中高氮时,磷肥对蒜薹产量的增产作用前期大、后期小。在柴达木地区大蒜蒜头高产的氮、磷、钾肥用量的最优组合为氮(纯N)160.0kg/hm2、磷(P2O5)155.7kg/hm2、钾(K2O)179.6kg/hm2。[结论]优化了柴达木地区大蒜氮、磷、钾施肥量的组合。
[Objective] The aim was to provide reference for future garlic fertilization. [Method] With Lede purple-skin garlic as test material and 3-factor quadratic universal rotation combination design, the relationship between nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content of purple-skinned garlic and garlic sprouts and garlic yield was studied in Qaidam region. [Result] The order of the effect of N, P, K fertilizer on garlic sprouts production was nitrogen fertilizer (P fertilizer (K fertilizer, the order of affecting garlic yield was P fertilizer (K fertilizer) The amount of garlic sprouts increased gradually when the level of each factor increased to a certain extent, but the yield of garlic sprouts decreased.When nitrogen was low, the effect of phosphate fertilizer on the yield of garlic sprouts was greater. The optimal combination of high-yield nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer for garlic and garlic in the Qaidam region was 160.0kg / hm2 of nitrogen (N) and 155.7kg / hm2 of phosphorus (P2O5) K2O 179.6kg / hm2. [Conclusion] The combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in Chaidamu was optimized.