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处理儿童细菌性脑膜炎(BM)涉及到两个题,即合适的抗生素给药及支持疗法。当前抗生素给药是根据脑脊液(CSF)中的致病菌在体外试验时对抗生素的敏感性及抗生素渗入CSF的能力而确定的。标准制剂如青霉素、氨苄青霉素或氯霉素,较新的药物如头孢氨噻肟或头孢三嗪噻肟,通常均可迅速杀灭脑膜炎病人CSF中的b型流感嗜血杆菌、肺炎球菌及脑膜炎球菌。但为进一步改善BM患儿的预后,与抗生素无关的处理方法也需认真予以考虑。
There are two topics dealing with bacterial meningitis (BM) in children, namely appropriate antibiotic administration and supportive therapy. Current antibiotic administration is based on the sensitivity of antibiotics to the pathogens in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tested in vitro and the ability of the antibiotic to penetrate the CSF. Standard preparations such as penicillin, ampicillin or chloramphenicol, newer drugs such as cefotaxime or cefotaxime, usually kill CSF meningitis in patients with b-type Haemophilus influenzae, pneumococcus and Meningococcal. However, in order to further improve the prognosis of children with BM, antibiotics unrelated to the treatment also need to be seriously considered.