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以拉·甘地为首的国大党在1989年印度第九次大选中失利,国大党继1977年之后,第二次成为在野党。拉·甘地何以会失败?除了政治方面的原因,恐怕也少不了经济方面的问题。本文拟将拉·甘地执政五年内的经济政策的调整及其对经济发展的影响作一概述,供深入研究印度第九次大选参考。一、拉·甘地执政时期的经济政策调整拉·甘地一上台就加快了经济政策调整的伐步,五年来,其经济政策调整可大致归纳如下: (一)放松对私营部门的限制,鼓励私人经济的发展独立后,印度政府对私营经济仍采
The Congress party led by La Gandhi lost its ninth general election in India in 1989, and the Congress party became the opposition party for the second time after 1977. Why did La Gandhi fail? Apart from the political reasons, I am afraid that economic problems will be inevitable. This article intends to give an overview of the adjustment of economic policies within five years of La Gandhi’s administration and its impact on economic development so as to provide an in-depth reference to India’s ninth general election. I. Economic Policy Adjustment During La Gandhi’s Ruling Period In the five years since its coming into power, Gandhi accelerated the pace of economic policy adjustment. The adjustment of economic policies can be summarized as follows: (i) To relax restrictions on the private sector and encourage private individuals After the economic development was independent, the Indian government still adopted the private economy