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驻极体又名驻电体(Electret),是一种永久保持极化的电介质。1885年由英国物理学家奥利弗·赫维赛德命名。1919年日本物理学家江口博士首次制得了驻极体。驻极体的极化有异号电荷和同号电荷之分,在驻极体表面上呈现的电荷极性和制造时与其接触的电极极性相同时称为同号电荷,若极性相反时称为异号电荷。驻极体这两种成分的数值和稳定性取决于介质和极化工艺。一般的极化工艺总是使同号电荷占优势。
Electret, also known as the Electret (Electret), is a permanent polarization of the dielectric. Named after the British physicist Oliver Heaviside in 1885. In 1919, Japanese physicist Edo Eguchi made the first electret. The polarization of the electrets is different from that of the charges of the same number. The charge polarity presented on the surface of the electret and the polarity of the electrodes contacted with the electrets when they are manufactured have the same polarity. In the case of opposite polarity It is called the odd-numbered charge. The electret value and stability of these two components depends on the media and polarization process. The usual polarization process always makes the same number of charges dominant.