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目的了解北京市初中生的吸烟情况,为开展学校控烟工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,随机选取北京市25所中学的2328名初中生,使用“全球学校学生健康调查(GSHS)”项目问卷进行调查。结果尝试吸烟率、过去30d烟草使用率、过去7d周围人吸烟率男生高于女生,并随着年级升高逐渐升高。随年级升高,父母或监护人吸烟的比例升高。教师传授吸烟有害知识比例高于传授如何拒绝吸烟的比例。尝试吸烟组过去7d里身边有人吸烟、父母或监护人中有人吸烟等问题的比例高于尝试吸烟组,但与同学相处愉快、父母或监护人常检查作业、教师教过如何应对压力的比例较低。结论青少年预防与控制吸烟应以低年级、男生为重点,加强相关技能培训,加大学校、家庭和社会环境控烟力度。
Objective To understand the smoking status of junior high school students in Beijing and provide the basis for tobacco control work in schools. Methods A total of 2328 middle school students from 25 secondary schools in Beijing were randomly selected using the multistage stratified cluster sampling method and the GSHS questionnaire was used to investigate. Results Smoking prevalence rate, tobacco use rate in the past 30 days and smoking rate in the past 7 days were higher in boys than in girls, and gradually increased with the grade. As the grade increases, the percentage of parents or guardians smoking increases. The proportion of teachers teaching harmful knowledge of smoking is higher than that of teaching how to refuse smoking. Attempting to smoke In the past 7 days, there were more people smoking around, smoking among parents or guardians than smoking cigarettes. But having a good time with their classmates, parents or guardians often inspected homework, and teachers insisted on how to cope with stress. Conclusion Adolescent prevention and control of smoking should focus on the lower grades and boys, strengthen relevant skills training, and increase the control of smoking in schools, families and the social environment.