我国古人论画,有“师人”、“师物”、“师心”之说。北宋杰出山水画家范宽,在总结他长期作画的体会时就曾说过;“吾与其师于人者,未若师诸物也;吾与其师于物者,未若师诸心。”(据《宣和画谱》)从范宽这段名言中,我体会到他所说的“师人”、“师物”、“师心”,有两层意思:一是说这是他对作画的三个并列的途径何去何从所抱的看法,另一是说这是他将自己所走过的作画历程划分为三个先后相承的阶段。从后面这层意思来说,中国古代学有根底、忠于职业的画家,其平生艺术历程,一般莫不都可划分为师人、师物、师 Ancient Chinese theory of painting, there are “teacher”, “teacher”, “teacher heart” said. Fan Kuan, an outstanding painter of landscape paintings in the Northern Song Dynasty, once said that when he summed up his long-term painting experience, “I and his teachers, According to ”Quotations from Xuan He“) From the quotation of Fan Kuan, I realized what he called ”teachers,“ ”teachers,“ and ”teachers’ minds". They have two meanings: First, The other is to say that this is the stage in which he divided his painting history into three successive stages. From the back of this layer of meaning, ancient Chinese studies have fundamentally, loyal to the professional painter, his life course of art, generally can not be divided into the teacher, teacher, teacher