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首先建立了钢管退火炉热过程的数学模型,通过实验确定了辐射系数和对流传热系数,以某钢厂钢管光亮退火炉为对象进行仿真优化。结果表明:钢种、壁厚和炉速是影响退火炉内钢管温度的主要因素,不同钢种在冷却段温度差异比较明显,表面温度随钢管壁厚的增加而升高,壁厚对径向温差的影响主要体现在加热段和冷却段,随炉速的增加,加热段的温升越慢、径向温差越大,冷却段的温升越慢、径向温差越大,径向温差加热段存在多个拐点;正火工艺优化后,炉速降低,管排数增加,产量提高了16.3%;回火工艺优化后,管排数不变,炉速增加,产量提高了59.6%。
Firstly, the mathematical model of annealing process of steel tube annealing furnace was set up. The radiation coefficient and convection heat transfer coefficient were determined by experiments. The simulation and optimization of the steel tube annealing furnace was carried out. The results show that steel type, wall thickness and furnace speed are the main factors that affect the temperature of the steel tube in the annealing furnace. The temperature difference of the different steel grades in the cooling section is obvious. The surface temperature increases with the increase of the steel tube wall thickness. The influence of temperature difference is mainly in the heating section and the cooling section. With the increase of the furnace speed, the temperature rise of the heating section is slower. The larger the radial temperature difference is, the slower the temperature rise of the cooling section is and the larger the radial temperature difference is. After optimization of the normalizing process, the furnace speed decreased and the number of tube rows increased, yield increased by 16.3%. After the tempering process was optimized, the tube row number was unchanged and the furnace speed increased, yield increased by 59.6%.