一、原子核的电四极矩原子核的内禀电四极矩,来源于核电荷的非球形分布,一般可用并矢或(3×3)二秩不可约张量表示。如果选择核自旋轴I(沿z轴)为核电四极矩主轴,由于核对自旋轴的旋转对称性,电四极矩仅有一个独立分量,称为标量电四极矩, First, the atomic quadrupole nuclear atomic nucleus of the intrinsic electric quadrupole, derived from the nuclear charge of the non-spherical distribution, generally available and (3 × 3) two rank irreducible tensor said. If the nuclear spin axis I (along the z axis) is chosen as the quadrupole principal axis of the nuclear power, there is only one independent component of the electrical quadrupole due to the checking of the rotational symmetry of the spin axis, which is called the scalar quadrupole moment,