本文根据病理形态学特征提出了对切尔诺贝利事故所致小剂量/剂量率受害者疾病分类的方法,指出了尸检研究中应注意的问题,从8个方面的症状表现核事故中青年救援者多器官疾病对加速机体老化的证明及指出了它在生物医学上的意义,提出了小剂量/剂量率技术事故殃及的三种组织或细胞成分的可能机制及其后果,重点分析了基辅地区居民甲状腺小泡性滤泡瘤的病理学形态改变的特点。 Based on the pathomorphological features, this paper presents a method to classify the small-dose / dose-rate victims of Chernobyl-induced diseases and points out the problems that should be paid attention to during the autopsy research. From eight aspects, Rescuers Multiple Organ Diseases to Accelerate Body Aging Demonstration and Pointed to Its Biomedical Significance, Proposed Small Dosage / Dose Rate Technical Incident Implications of Three Tissues or Cell Components Possible Mechanisms and Their Consequences, Emphasis Analysis Pathological changes of thyroid vesicular follicular tumor in the area of ​​Kiev.