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目的:阐述大庆地区0~11岁儿童急性呼吸道感染(ARI)常见9种病原体的感染情况及其流行特点。方法:对2013年1月~2014年2月在该院住院诊断为急性呼吸道感染的860例患儿,采用间接免疫荧光法(IFA)对4种非典型病原体:嗜肺军团菌Ⅰ型(LP1)、肺炎支原体(MP)、Q热立克次(QFR)、肺炎衣原体(CPn),5种呼吸道病毒:腺病毒(ADV)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、甲型流感病毒(IFVA)、乙型流感病毒(IFVB)和副流感病毒(PIV)1、2和3型(PIV)9种病原体进行血清Ig M抗体检测。结果:860例急性上呼吸道感染的患儿中检出阳性317例(其中混合感染104例),总阳性率36.86%,其中MP感染率最高(18.14%),其他依次为IFVB(3.49%)、LP1(1.16%)、PIV(0.93%)、ADV(0.7%)、RSV(0.35%);在不同年龄段分组中,婴儿组阳性率为24.24%,幼儿组与儿童组分别为41.90%与42.95%;季节分组中,冬春季阳性率为46.54%,夏秋季为27.00%;居住地分组中城镇为42.81%,农村为25.17%。结论:在单一病原体感染中,MP与IFVB为该地区小儿急性呼吸道感染的主要病原体,不同病原体混合感染中MP合并其他病毒感染占主要部分。冬春季发病率高于夏秋季(P<0.005),城镇发病率高于农村(P<0.005),幼儿组与儿童组发病率高于婴儿组(P<0.005)。
Objective: To describe the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of 9 common pathogens in acute respiratory infection (ARI) children aged 0 ~ 11 in Daqing area. Methods: A total of 860 children diagnosed as acute respiratory infection admitted to our hospital from January 2013 to February 2014 were enrolled in this study. Four kinds of atypical pathogens, including Legionella pneumophila type Ⅰ (LP1), were detected by indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) ), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Q fever (QFR), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CPn), five respiratory viruses: adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus Serum Ig M antibody tests were performed on 9 pathogens of influenza virus type 1 (IFVB) and parainfluenza virus (PIV) type 1, 2 and 3 (PIV). Results: Of the 860 children with acute upper respiratory tract infection, 317 were positive (including 104 with mixed infection), the total positive rate was 36.86%, of which MP was the highest (18.14%), followed by IFVB (3.49%), LP1 (1.16%), PIV (0.93%), ADV (0.7%) and RSV (0.35%). The positive rate was 24.24% in infants and 41.90% in infants and children and 42.95 %. In the seasonal grouping, the positive rate was 46.54% in winter and spring and 27.00% in summer and autumn. In the group of residence, 42.81% of urban residents and 25.17% of rural residents. CONCLUSIONS: MP and IFVB are the major pathogens of acute respiratory infection in infants in a single pathogen infection. MP and other virus infections are dominant in the co-infection of different pathogens. The prevalence rate in winter and spring was higher than that in summer and autumn (P <0.005). The incidence rate in urban area was higher than that in rural areas (P <0.005). The incidence rate of infants and children was higher than that of infants (P <0.005).