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目的:了解4～12岁儿童的基本睡眠状况,以及睡眠紊乱的现患率及其影响因素。方法:于2002-07对广东省澄海市采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取3所幼儿园及2所小学760例儿童作为调查对象,向学生家长发放量表,家长在调查人员的解释下就儿童的相关情况完成问卷。共发放问卷760份,共收回有效问卷738份,应答率为97.1%。738例学生平均年龄(7.8±2.9)岁,将儿童按照年龄分为4～6岁组(n=298),7～9岁组(n=197),10～12岁组(n=243)。使用自制问卷调查儿童的一般情况,采用儿童睡眠紊乱量表对儿童的睡眠紊乱状况进行评定,采用5级记分,量表总分高于39分可认为有睡眠紊乱。结果:共发放问卷760份,回收760份,剔除资料填写不全问卷22份,共收回有效问卷738份,应答率为97.1%。①睡眠紊乱量表得分情况:儿童睡眠紊乱量表总分为(39.8±10.0),睡眠紊乱的发生率为46.6%;不同性别儿童睡眠紊乱量表各因子分及总分差别无显著性(P>0.05),各年龄组间各因子得分及总分有明显差异(P<0.05),②儿童睡眠紊乱的相关分析及Logistic回归分析:儿童睡眠紊乱量表总分与年龄、家庭平均月收入、学习压力呈负相关,与健康状况、对学校的兴趣、居住地呈正相关,多元回归分析显示睡眠紊乱量表总分主要与年龄、对学校的兴趣及居住地有关。结论:儿童睡眠紊乱的发生率较高,儿童的睡眠状况无性别差异;年龄越小,睡眠紊乱情况越严重;睡眠紊乱的发生与年龄、居住地、对学校的兴趣等因素有关。
Objective: To understand the basic sleep status of children aged 4 ~ 12, and the prevalence of sleep disorders and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 760 children from 3 kindergartens and 2 primary schools were randomly sampled from Chenghai City, Guangdong Province in 2002-07. Questionnaires were sent to the parents of the students. The parents, under the guidance of the investigators, Related to complete the questionnaire. A total of 760 questionnaires were distributed, and 738 valid questionnaires were returned with a response rate of 97.1%. The average age of 738 students was 7.8 ± 2.9 years. The children were divided into groups of 4 to 6 years (n = 298), 7 to 9 years (n = 197), and 10 to 12 years (n = 243) . Using a self-made questionnaire for children’s general condition, children’s sleep disturbance scale was used to assess children’s sleep disorders, using a 5-point score, the total score higher than 39 points can be considered sleep disorders. Results: A total of 760 questionnaires were sent out and 760 copies were collected. 22 incomplete questionnaires were rejected, and 738 valid questionnaires were collected. The response rate was 97.1%. (1) The score of sleep disorders scale: The total score of children’s sleep disorders scale was (39.8 ± 10.0) and the incidence of sleep disturbance was 46.6%. There was no significant difference between the scores of factors > 0.05). There was a significant difference (P <0.05) between scores and scores of various factors in all age groups. (2) Correlation analysis of children’s sleep disorders and Logistic regression analysis: The total score of children’s sleep disorders scale and age, average monthly family income, Study stress was negatively correlated with health status, school interest and place of residence. Multiple regression analysis showed that the total score of sleep disturbance scale was mainly related to age, school interest and place of residence. Conclusion: The incidence of sleep disorders in children is high, and there is no gender difference in the sleeping status of children. The younger the age is, the more serious the disturbance of sleep is. The incidence of sleep disorders is related to age, residence and school interest.