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目的模拟临床建立一种大鼠颈椎骨折错位的原发性脊髓损伤模型。方法依据大鼠颈椎解剖特点,自行研制的头侧椎夹固定C3和C4,连接固定于大鼠立体定位架上。尾侧椎夹固定C5和C6并连接到材料试验机,以定速向背侧错位后返回原位,产生C4~5骨折错位和脊髓损伤。按上述方法在8只雄性大鼠C4~5产生骨折错位1.90 mm,错位速度2 mm/s。损伤后立刻行心脏灌注固定,HE染色分析脊髓出血量。结果 C4~5椎间盘均在C4下终板处断裂,椎间盘破坏的错位位移为(1.00±0.17)mm,最大力为(12.7±5.1)N。肉眼观察到脊髓均有出血,脊髓背侧有两条对称的淤血带,或者色泽较深的出血点;HE染色进一步显示脊髓C4和C5节段的出血主要集中在灰质,而白质有分散的出血点,且背侧较腹侧多,脊髓总出血量为(2.46×10-3±1.26×10-3)ml。结论该动物模型可以产生颈椎骨折错位和脊髓损伤,是一种新型的与临床相关的原发性脊髓损伤模型。
Objective To simulate the establishment of a primary spinal cord injury model of cervical dislocation in rats. Methods According to the anatomical characteristics of cervical spine, self-developed vertebral clamp fixed C3 and C4, connected and fixed in the rat stereotaxic rack. The caudal vertebral clamp fixed C5 and C6 and connected to the material testing machine, at a fixed speed to the dorsal displacement and return to the original position, resulting in C4 ~ 5 fracture dislocation and spinal cord injury. Displacement of 1.90 mm and dislocation velocity of 2 mm / s were recorded in the C4 ~ 5 of 8 male rats as above. Immediately after injury, cardiac perfusion fixation, HE staining analysis of spinal cord bleeding. Results The C4 ~ 5 intervertebral disc fractured at the endplate of C4, the dislocation displacement was (1.00 ± 0.17) mm and the maximum force was (12.7 ± 5.1) N. Bleeding of the spinal cord was observed with the naked eye. There were two symmetrical congestion zones on the dorsal surface of the spinal cord or bleeding spots with darker color. Hematoxylin and eosin staining further showed that the bleeding of C4 and C5 segments of the spinal cord mainly concentrated in the gray matter, while the white matter had scattered bleeding Point, and dorsal ventral more than the total amount of spinal cord bleeding (2.46 × 10-3 ± 1.26 × 10-3) ml. Conclusion The animal model can produce cervical fracture dislocation and spinal cord injury, is a new type of clinically relevant primary spinal cord injury model.