分泌型IgA缺乏是常见的免疫系统疾病,发病率约为1/500。许多原因如T辅助细胞不足或缺乏,存在特异性T抑制细胞,B细胞的内在缺陷或存在母体抗IgA抗体等均可导致IgA缺乏。这种缺乏常使上呼吸道感染,变态反应,哮喘和自身免疫性疾病的发病率显著增加,肠道吸收抗原增多。但许多IgA缺乏病人表现健康,其原因可能是其它局部免疫或非免疫性机制起补偿作用,如IgM分泌和肠固有层携带IgM浆细胞量增加。IgM分泌增多虽能增加分泌成分并发挥保护作用,但在清除抗原如灰质炎病毒功效上不如分泌型IgA。 IgA缺乏的非免疫补偿机制之一是鼻粘膜杯状细胞增多,这使粘膜能清除免疫复合物。但Kemola等未 Secretory IgA deficiency is a common immune system disease, the incidence rate of about 1/500. Lack of or lack of T helper cells, the presence of specific T suppressor cells, intrinsic defects of B cells or the presence of maternal anti-IgA antibodies can all contribute to IgA deficiency for many reasons. This lack often leads to a significant increase in the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections, allergies, asthma and autoimmune diseases, and an increase in intestinal absorption of antigens. However, many IgA-deficient patients perform well, possibly due to compensatory effects of other local immune or non-immune mechanisms such as IgM secretion and increased IgM plasma cell mass in the lamina propria. Although IgM secretion increased secretions and play a protective role, but in the removal of antigens such as the effectiveness of the genitalium secretory IgA. One of the non-immune compensatory mechanisms of IgA deficiency is an increase in goblet cells of the nasal mucosa that allows the mucosa to clear immune complexes. But Kemola et al