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1984年北京天桥百货股份公司的成立拉开了国有企业股份制改造的序幕,十几年后的今天,国企股份制改造已达到了9200家的规模,股本金额达到6000亿元。中国国企的股份制改造始于十一届三中全会以后的改革探索之中,其原型可以溯源为乡镇企业的前身即乡村企业集资入股、合资入股与股金分红的企业组织模式。1979年7月,国务院下发的《关于发展社队企业若干问题的规定》中肯定了乡村企业为解决创业资金短缺问题所采取的股份制的组织形式。当80年代城市改革开始起步的时候,乡镇企业的这一做法得到了一些国有企业的借鉴,1984年4
In 1984, the establishment of Beijing Tianqiao Department Store Co., Ltd. opened the prelude to the reform of the shareholding system of state-owned enterprises. Today, more than 10 years after the reform, the shareholding structure of state-owned enterprises has reached 9,200 and the share capital has reached 600 billion yuan. The reform of the shareholding system of Chinese state-owned enterprises started with the exploration of the reform after the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee. Its prototype can be traced back to the mode of enterprise organization that is the predecessor of township and village enterprises, that is, the fundraising and shareholding of rural enterprises, joint-equity and share dividends. In July 1979, the State Council issued the “Provisions on Several Issues Concerning the Development of Corps of Communities and Companies” affirmed the organizational form of the shareholding system adopted by rural enterprises to solve the problem of shortage of funds for starting a business. When the urban reforms started in the 1980s, the practice of township and village enterprises got some references from state-owned enterprises. In 1984,