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绪言:铸铁冶金学近三十年来取得了巨大进步。在1948年以前,铸铁材料的种类包括灰口铸铁、可锻铸铁和白口铁,但是铸铁这个词通常是指灰口铸铁。目前,除了灰口铸铁以外,还有球铁、紧密石墨铸铁以及它们的分支。这些铸铁材料的性能和应用范围宽广,合金化和工艺的结合使它们的性能能够满足工业中的要求以及强度、塑性、磨损抗力、切削加工性、疲劳寿命、热稳定性和成本方面难得的结合。
Introduction: Cast iron metallurgy has made great strides over the past three decades. Prior to 1948, cast iron material types included gray cast iron, malleable iron and white iron, but the term cast iron usually refers to gray cast iron. At present, in addition to gray cast iron, there are ductile iron, compact graphite cast iron and their branches. These cast iron materials have a wide range of properties and applications, and the combination of alloying and process technology enables their performance to meet the requirements in the industry as well as a rare combination of strength, ductility, wear resistance, machinability, fatigue life, thermal stability and cost .