由于一些正当的原因，无误差编码在某些应用中是唯一可接受的压缩方法。文章首先采用一种整数到整数小波变换对图象进行分解，然后通过优化改进著名的SPIHT压缩算法2，实现了一种有效的无损编码方法。压缩结果表明：该方法性能优于经典的一些无损编码方法，同时也优于直接采用SPIHT的无损压缩方法，因此可推广应用到卫星遥感图象、医学图象的传输和归档中去。 For some legitimate reasons, error-free coding is the only acceptable compression method in some applications. In this paper, an integer to integer wavelet transform is used to decompose the image firstly. Then an efficient lossless coding method is achieved by optimizing and refining the famous SPIHT compression algorithm 2. Compression results show that this method is better than some classical lossless coding methods and is better than SPIHT lossless compression method. Therefore, it can be widely applied to satellite remote sensing images, medical image transmission and archiving.