在阅读经济学文献时,我曾经见到这样一句谚语:“好篱笆带来好邻居”(Good fences make good neighbours)。其大意是说,邻里两家要想处得融洽,其间有一道隔墙是必不可少的,否则的话,两家总会因为界线不清而发生矛盾。(由于住房紧张,不少单位有许多两家合住一个单元的情况。从其间普遍的龃龉来看,这句谚语至少道出了部分真理。)如果将此句谚语用标准的经济学语言讲出来的话,那便是:明确的产权界定乃实现效率目标的第一原则。(弗兰克·奈特) 毋庸讳言,修建篱笆是要花钱的。然而,从经济学角度看,把有限的资源用在能明确界定产权的篱笆墙之上,是物有所值的。与此项投资所付 While reading the economics literature, I used to see the proverb “Good fences make good neighbors.” The effect is that the two neighborhoods should be well-coordinated. In the meantime, there is a wall that is indispensable. Otherwise, the two associations will contradict each other because of unclear boundaries. (As a result of housing tensions, many units have many units of a family of two living together.) In the midst of common misgivings, the proverb tells at least some of the truth.) If the proverb speaks in standard economic terms Then out, that is: a clear definition of property rights is the first principle to achieve efficiency goals. (Frank Knight) Needless to say, it is expensive to build a fence. However, from an economic point of view, it is worthwhile to put limited resources on the fence that clearly defines property rights. With this investment paid