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工程机械是能源消耗的大户,同时其排放物对大气造成大量污染。装载机在铲斗回收、下放过程中存在大量的势能,大部分转化的油液热能,油液发热造成泄漏量增加,效率降低。为降低消耗,减少排放,在现有的混合动力装载机的基础上设计能量回收装置。通过使用变量马达、发电动机、整流器等装置将势能转化为电能。对普通能量回收系统出现的压力振荡,铲斗下放会出现剧烈震动等现象,使用模糊PID控制器、压力传感器形成闭环控制有效防止油路出现压力振荡,同时提高了回路的动态特性。经过理论分析与AMESim建模仿真研究,所设计的能量回收系统响应好,能量回收率高。
Construction machinery is a major source of energy consumption, while emissions cause massive pollution to the atmosphere. The loader has a lot of potential energy in the process of bucket recovery and decentralization. Most of the heat energy of the converted oil and the heat generated by the oil increase the leakage and reduce the efficiency. In order to reduce consumption and reduce emissions, energy recovery devices are designed on the basis of existing hybrid loaders. Through the use of variable motor, generator, rectifier and other devices to convert potential energy into electrical energy. For the pressure oscillation in the ordinary energy recovery system, there will be violent vibration when the bucket is lowered. Using the fuzzy PID controller and the pressure sensor to form closed-loop control can effectively prevent the pressure oscillation in the oil path and improve the dynamic characteristics of the circuit. After theoretical analysis and AMESim modeling and simulation studies, the designed energy recovery system has good response and high energy recovery rate.