湖北素称泽国，长江东西横贯，北受汉水，南纳洞庭，作为主要粮棉油集中产区的江汉平源，水高田低，极易受到洪涝灾害的侵袭。防洪治水始终是江汉平原经济开发的首要内容。因此湖北政治之要历来以水政为重。晚清末年，由于江汉湖区堤炼的盲目扩张，河湖水道、水面屡受压迫，蓄 Hubei Province, known as the Republic of Korea, the Yangtze River runs through the east and the north by Hanshui, Nanna Dongting, as the main grain and oil producing areas of Jianghan Pingyuan low water high field, vulnerable to floods. Flood control is always the primary content of economic development in Jianghan Plain. Therefore, Hubei politics has always been to water policy as the most important. Late Qing Dynasty, due to the blind expansion of the Jianghan Lake District embankment, rivers and lakes, water surface repeatedly oppressed, storage