论文部分内容阅读
为改善采煤沉陷复垦区表层土壤养分贫瘠、控制水土流失,2013年5月在新庄孜煤矿沉陷区复垦地施用四种堆肥(堆肥1、堆肥2、堆肥3、堆肥4)后,进行紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)单播,墨西哥玉米(Purus frumentum)单播和两种牧草混播种植试验,并在当年牧草生长季结束后(2013年11月)对改良地表土进行理化性质分析,并用主成分分析的方法进行土壤质量评价。结果表明:施加堆肥各处理均能有效增加土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷含量,分别比对照增加了26%~45%、6%~14%、138%~359%,施加堆肥再单播紫花苜蓿使土壤含水量和硝态氮含量分别增加了24%~37%和210%~338%;堆肥改良后种植墨西哥玉米,复垦区表层土壤全磷含量增加了18%~20%;堆肥改良后混播紫花苜蓿和墨西哥玉米使复垦区表层土壤的含水量和铵态氮含量分别增加了36%~54%、50%~105%。在各处理中,施用堆肥4加紫花苜蓿和墨西哥玉米混播处理对复垦地表层土壤改良效果最好。
In order to improve the poor soil nutrients and control soil erosion in the reclaimed area of subsidence area, we conducted four kinds of compost (compost 1, compost 2, compost 3 and compost 4) in the reclaimed land of Xinzhuangzi coal mine subsidence area in May 2013 (Medicago sativa) unicast, Mexican maize (Purus frumentum) unicast and two forages mixed planting experiments, and in that year after the forage growing season (November 2013) on the improved surface soil physical and chemical properties, and with the main Method of component analysis Soil quality assessment. The results showed that the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in soil increased by 26% -45%, 6% -14%, 138% -359%, respectively, compared with the control. Medicago sativa increased soil water content and nitrate nitrogen content by 24% -37% and 210% -338% respectively. After improving composting, planting Mexican maize increased total P content by 18% -20% in surface soil of reclamation area. After mixed with alfalfa and Mexican corn, soil moisture content and ammonium nitrogen content of surface soil in reclamation area increased by 36% -54% and 50% -105% respectively. In each treatment, compost 4 plus mixed treatment with alfalfa and Mexican corn had the best improvement on reclaimed surface soil.