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《双城记》是英国作家查尔斯·狄更斯所著的描述法国大革命的一部大时代长篇历史小说,“双城”指的是巴黎与伦敦。早在创作《双城记》之前很久,狄更斯就对法国大革命极为关注,反复研读英国历史学家卡莱尔的《法国革命史》和其他学者的有关著作。他对法国大革命的浓厚兴趣发端于对当时英国潜伏着的严重的社会危机的担忧。1854年底,他说:“我相信,不满情绪像这样冒烟比火烧起来还要坏得多,这特别像法国在第一次革命爆发前的公众心理,这就有危险,由于千百种原因——如收成不好、贵族阶级的专横与无能把已经紧张的局面最后一次加紧、海外战争的失利、国内偶发事件等等——变成那次从未见过的一场可怕的大火。”可见,《双城记》这部历史小说的创作动机在于借古讽今,以法国大革命的历史经验为借鉴,给英国统治阶级敲响警钟;同时,通过对革命恐怖的极端描写,也对心怀愤懑、希图以暴力对抗暴政的人民群众提出警告,幻想为当时社会矛盾日益加深的英国现状寻找一条出路。
“Twins” is a long historical novels by British writer Charles Dickens describing the French Revolution. “Twins” refers to Paris and London. Long before writing The Twins, Dickens was extremely concerned about the French Revolution. He studied repeatedly the history of the French Revolution by the British historian Carlisle and other books by other scholars. His strong interest in the French Revolution started with fears of the serious social crisis lurking in England at the time. At the end of 1854 he said: “I believe that dissatisfaction is much worse than burning up fire, much like the public psychology in France before the first revolution broke out. There is a danger that as thousands of species The reason - the poor harvest, aristocratic powerlessness of the aristocracy, the last tightening of tension, the defeat of overseas wars, domestic sporadic incidents, and the like - have become a terrible fire that has never been seen before. ”Visible,“ Twins ”in this historical novel creation motivation lies in ancient times satire, with the historical experience of the French Revolution as a reference, sounded the alarm to the British ruling class; at the same time, through the extreme description of the revolutionary terror, but also the heart Resentment, trying to war by violently opposed the tyranny of the masses warned, fantasy for the then deepening social conflicts in the United Kingdom to find a way out of the status quo.