中国古代有一种以“舍人”为名的官职,其名源于战国时对私人宾客的称呼,秦汉以降成为官称。“舍人”指称对象的正式化程度不断提高,本文称之为舍人的“公职化”。本文引入“编任资格”这一概念,试图考察以下两个变化:其一,舍人“编任资格”的变化,即“舍人”这一称谓被纳入到官僚组织之内,进而由侍从官职扩展到行政官职;其二,称“舍人”之官种类的变化,即魏晋南北朝时很多官以“舍人”为名,而唐宋以后转而减少。前者展示了官僚政治演进中私人依附关系向公共行政关系转变的过程,后者展示了官僚政治演进中新设官职与候选形式的关系。 In ancient China, there was a bureaucracy named after the “sacrificial person”, whose name originated in the call of private guests during the Warring States Period and became the official title of the Qin and Han dynasties. “Sherman ” refers to the increasing degree of the formalization of the object, this article calls it the “public servant ”. This article introduces the concept of “qualified to work”, trying to examine the following two changes: First, the change of “eligibility”, that is, the term “elitist” is included in the bureaucratic organization , And then by the attendants extended to executive positions; secondly, called “Xu Ren ” of the official types of change, that is, many officials during the Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties to And reduce. The former shows the transition from private attachment to public administration in bureaucratic political evolution, and the latter shows the relationship between the newly established official positions and candidate forms in the evolution of bureaucratic politics.