国有外贸企业作为专门从事进出口业务的贸易公司，是一个特殊的企业群体，它们产生于中国经济体制，得益于中国进出口权的高度国家垄断。80年代经历了高速发展时期，但随着对外开放力度的加大、市场经济体制的逐步完善和国外跨国公司的进入，国有外贸企业逐渐丧失了垄断优势。 As a trading company specialized in import and export business, state-owned foreign trade enterprises are a special group of enterprises that originate from the Chinese economy and benefit from the high degree of national monopoly of China’s import and export rights. In the 1980s, it experienced a period of rapid development. However, with the opening up to the outside world and the gradual improvement of the market economy and the entry of foreign multinationals, the state-owned foreign trade enterprises gradually lost their monopoly advantages.