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遗传和变异是生命的基本属性,是与生物界同时出现的一种自然现象。长期以来,人类就自觉或不自觉地一直在努力探索遗传的奥秘;可是,只是在1865年孟德尔发表了《植物杂交试验》,揭示出遗传的基本规律以来,遗传研究才纳入了科学的轨道,形成了一门严谨的自然科学——遗传学。一百多年来,遗传学经历了经典遗传学、细胞遗传学和分子遗传学等发展阶段。目前对
Genetics and variation are the basic attributes of life and are a natural phenomenon that occurs simultaneously with the biological world. For a long time human beings, consciously or unconsciously, have been striving to explore the mysteries of inheritance. However, only after Mendel published a “plant hybridization experiment” in 1865 to reveal the basic law of inheritance has genetic studies been incorporated into the scientific orbit , Formed a rigorous natural science - genetics. For over a hundred years, genetics has undergone the developmental stages of classical genetics, cytogenetics and molecular genetics. Right now