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目的分析2013年大兴区麻疹实验室检测结果,了解大兴区麻疹的流行状况,野病毒基因型特征。方法疾控中心采集麻疹疑似病例的血液标本117件,进行麻疹IgM抗体检测;133件咽拭子或尿液标本,以及这些标本的病毒分离物,提取核酸后进行基因分型检测。结果 117件血液标本中,IgM抗体阳性的43件,阳性率36.75%。分型检测产生21株麻疹H1a基因型,占全部核酸阳性的23.08%;4株麻疹D8基因型,占全部核酸阳性的4.40%。结论 2013年大兴区麻疹优势流行基因型为H1a,与北京地区的流行趋势基本相同,D8基因型为北京市新发现的基因型,大兴区出现D8基因型麻疹野毒株,具有一定的研究价值。同时,发现单一的血清学检测分析已经不能全面的说明当地麻疹流行状况,应结合分子生物学技术提高麻疹病原学监测的敏感性。
Objective To analyze the detection results of measles laboratory in Daxing District in 2013 to know the prevalence of measles and the characteristics of wild virus genotype in Daxing District. Methods A total of 117 blood samples from suspected cases of measles were collected from the CDC for detection of measles IgM antibodies, 133 throat swabs or urine samples, and virus isolates from these samples. Genotyping was performed after nucleic acid extraction. Results Of the 117 blood samples, 43 were IgM positive, with a positive rate of 36.75%. 21 strains of measles H1a genotypes were detected by genotyping, accounting for 23.08% of all the nucleic acids positive; 4 strains of measles D8 genotype, accounting for 4.40% of all nucleic acid positive. Conclusion The prevalence of measles prevalence in Daxing district was H1a in 2013, which is basically the same as the epidemic trend in Beijing. The D8 genotype was a newly discovered genotype in Beijing and the D8 genotype was found in Daxing district, which had certain research value . At the same time, we found that single serological test analysis can not fully explain the prevalence of measles in the local area, and should be combined with molecular biology techniques to improve the sensitivity of measles etiology monitoring.