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目的探讨心血管健康行为和因素对颈动脉粥样硬化斑块总负荷评分(TBS)的影响。方法随机分层抽取唐山开滦(集团)有限责任公司在职及离退休职工中年龄≥40岁、既往无脑卒中、短暂性脑缺血发作、心肌梗死者共5852人为研究对象,进行统一问卷调查、血液生化及颈动脉超声检查,研究资料完整的3960人纳入统计分析。采用队列研究的方法,依据2010-2011年度体检时心血管健康行为和因素个数将总研究对象分为<2、2、3、4、5、>5个6组,观察其对2012-2013年体检时颈动脉粥样硬化斑块TBS的影响。结果随着理想健康行为和因素个数的增加,颈动脉粥样硬化斑块TBS逐渐降低(均P<0.05)。理想心血管健康行为和因素个数与颈动脉粥样硬化斑块TBS呈负相关(r=-0.19,P<0.01)。多因素线性回归分析显示,校正年龄、性别等影响因素后,每增加1个理想健康行为或因素,颈动脉粥样硬化斑块TBS平均降低0.20分(P<0.05),按性别分层后,男性与女性人群结果均与总人群结果一致,但男性人群中该趋势更明显。结论理想心血管健康行为和因素的个数越多,颈动脉斑块TBS越低。
Objective To investigate the effects of cardiovascular health behaviors and factors on total carotid atherosclerotic plaque burden (TBS). Methods A total of 5852 people aged 45 years or older without prior stroke and transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction in Tangshan Kailuan (Group) Co., Ltd. were stratified and randomly stratified for questionnaire survey , Blood biochemistry and carotid ultrasonography, 3960 people with complete data were included in the statistical analysis. According to the method of cohort study, the total subjects were divided into <2,2,3,4,5>> 5 groups of 6 according to the cardiovascular health behaviors and the number of factors during physical examination in 2010-2011. Effect of TBS on Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque during Physical Examination. Results With the increase of the number of ideal health behaviors and factors, the TBS of carotid atherosclerotic plaque gradually decreased (all P <0.05). The ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and the number of factors were negatively correlated with TBS in carotid atherosclerotic plaque (r = -0.19, P <0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that the TBS of carotid atherosclerotic plaque was reduced by 0.20 on average (P <0.05) for each additional one ideal health behavior or factor after adjusting for age, gender and other factors. After stratified by sex, The results for both men and women are consistent with the general population, but the trend is more pronounced in the male population. Conclusion The more the number of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors, the lower the carotid plaque TBS.