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1957年,苏联人造卫星的发射给科学带来了新时代。许多青年集中到大学内,大学聘用了很多教授,如今这些教授都上年纪了。美国伦斯勒理工学院在今后5年内将有25％的教职员离职;纽约工科大学预料在今后的10年内也将有25％教职员退休。这一状况引起了大学教职员和政府有关部门的关注。虽然科技人员在全美劳动者中最多不超过3％,然而美国技术评价局局长J.H.吉布逊却认为他们对于提高国家的经济竞争力和增强国家安全保障方面起了决定性的作用。今天的理工科大学的毕业生几乎都对大学职务不感兴趣,集中到企业中去了。据美国哈利依大学校长P.W.里金斯说,有学士称号的工科学生绝大多数借了企业的钱并且
In 1957, the launch of Soviet satellites brought a new era to science. Many young people are concentrated in universities, universities employ many professors, and today these professors are all old. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute will leave 25% of faculty members over the next five years; NYU anticipates that 25% of faculty members will retire as well in the next 10 years. This situation has aroused the concern of university faculty and relevant government departments. Although scientists and technicians account for no more than 3% of all workers in the United States, J.H. Gibson, director general of the Bureau of Technical Evaluation, believes that they play a decisive role in improving the country's economic competitiveness and enhancing national security. Almost all today's graduates of the University of Science and Technology are not interested in university positions and are concentrated in the enterprises. According to P.W. Rekins, president of the Harley University in the United States, the vast majority of engineering students with a bachelor's degree borrowed money from businesses