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[背景]已有研究表明,在死亡率和颗粒物空气污染长期暴露之间存在关联,而估计颗粒物元素成分对死亡率影响的队列研究很少。[目的]研究自然原因死亡率和长期暴露于颗粒物元素成分之间的关联。[方法]遵循严格的标准化方案,并使用19个欧洲队列研究中死亡率和混杂因素的数据。描述住宅暴露于优先选择的8种颗粒物(PM)成分的特征。使用土地利用回归模型估计粒级≤2.5μm(PM2.5)和≤10μm(PM10)的颗粒物中铜、铁、钾、镍、硫、硅、钒和锌的年平均浓度,并在meta分析之后,按照统一的标准,使用Cox比例风险模型对队列特异的死亡率和空气污染之间的关联进行统计分析。[结果]研究包括291 816名参与者,其中25 466在随访期间(平均随访时间14.3年)死于自然原因。几乎所有元素的风险比都呈阳性,并且PM2.5硫的风险比具有统计学显著性(每200 ng/m3为1.14,95%CI:1.06~1.23)。在一个双污染物模型中,校正PM2.5总质量之后,死亡率与PM2.5硫之间的关联保持稳定,而与PM2.5总质量的关联性降低。[结论]长期暴露于PM2.5硫与自然原因引起的死亡率有关联。这个关联在校正了其他污染物和PM2.5之后依然稳定。
[Background] Previous studies have shown that there is a correlation between mortality and long-term exposure to particulate air pollution and few studies have estimated the impact of particulate matter composition on mortality. [Objective] To study the association between natural cause mortality and long-term exposure to particulate matter components. [Method] Following strict standardized protocols and using data from 19 European cohort studies on mortality and confounders. Describe the characteristics of residential exposure to the preferred eight particulate matter (PM) components. The annual average concentrations of copper, iron, potassium, nickel, sulfur, silicon, vanadium and zinc in particulate matter ≤2.5μm (PM2.5) and ≤10μm (PM10) were estimated using land-use regression models and after meta-analysis , A statistical analysis of the association between cohort-specific mortality and air pollution was performed using a Cox proportional hazards model according to uniform criteria. [Results] The study included 291,816 participants, of whom 25,466 died of natural causes during follow-up (mean follow-up period of 14.3 years). Almost all elements had a positive hazard ratio, and the risk ratio of PM2.5 sulfur was statistically significant (1.14, 95% CI: 1.06 to 1.23 per 200 ng / m3). In a two-pollutant model, the correlation between mortality and PM2.5 sulfur remained stable after correction for the total mass of PM2.5, but decreased in relation to the total PM2.5 mass. [Conclusion] Long-term exposure to PM2.5 sulfur is associated with natural causes of mortality. This correlation remained stable after adjusting for other contaminants and PM2.5.