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为西北荒漠灌区高产、优质紫花苜蓿新品种的选育提供基础材料。以甘农3号、甘农5号、游客为亲本进行多元杂交,选择了16个优良株系为研究材料,通过大田比较试验,对其干草产量和粗蛋白质(CP)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)3个饲用品质性状进行评价分析。结果表明,16个苜蓿株系的干草产量和营养品质性状均存在一定变异,干草产量性状变异最大,为23.80%;酸性洗涤纤维性状变异最小,为6.00%。单个性状比较发现,白花1#为高产株系,干草产量为22.72 t/hm2;速生4#为高蛋白株系,CP含量为22.74%;白花3#为低纤维株系,NDF和ADF含量分别为37.85%和31.17%。从单个性状考虑,白花1#可能为高产材料,速生4#可能为高蛋白材料,白花3#可能为低纤维材料,这3个株系的优良特性是否稳定遗传,尚需参与下一步的继代检测。合并4个指标的聚类分析结果并运用灰色关联度理论,综合产量和各营养品质性状,初步筛选出速生4#和白花3#为高产高蛋白及低纤维材料,速生12#为高产高蛋白材料,速生1#和白花1#为高产中蛋白材料,速生15#为高产低纤维材料,白花2#为中产高蛋白材料,以上材料通过进一步的继代鉴定筛选后可作为优良苜蓿育种材料。
It provided the basic materials for the breeding of high-yield and high-quality alfalfa varieties in the northwest desert irrigation area. A total of 16 elite lines were selected from Gannong 3, Gannong 5 and tourists as parents to study the effects of hay yield, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were evaluated. The results showed that the hay yield and nutritional quality traits of 16 alfalfa varieties all had certain variation, the variation of hay yield was the largest, which was 23.80%, and the variation of acid detergent fiber was 6.00%. Compared with the single traits, Baihua 1 # was a high-yielding line with hay yield of 22.72 t / hm2; fast-growing 4 # was a high-protein line with a CP content of 22.74%; white flower # 3 was a low fiber line with NDF and ADF contents 37.85% and 31.17% respectively. Considering single traits, white flower 1 # may be a high-yielding material, fast-growing 4 # may be a high-protein material and white flower 3 # may be a low-fiber material. Whether the excellent traits of the three strains are stable and still need to participate in the next step Generation testing. Combining the results of cluster analysis with four indicators and using the gray relational degree theory, the comprehensive yield and the nutritional quality traits, the fast-growing 4 # and the white flower 3 # were screened out as high-yielding high-protein and low-fiber materials. The fast-growing 12 # Materials # 1, # 1 and # 1 were high-yielding protein materials, # 15 was high-yielding low-fiber material and # 2 was middle-yielding high protein material. The above materials could be used as excellent alfalfa breeding materials after further screening and identification.