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第1、第2代计算机 在第1代著名的计算机中还有UNIVAC-Ⅰ型计算机,它是1951年6月在艾克特与莫奇利主持下研制而成的。1952年11月美国举行总统选举时,曾利用一台UNIVAC-Ⅰ型机来抽样分析5％的选票。在选举结束后的45分钟内,UNIVAC-Ⅰ型机很快预测出艾森豪威尔将当选为总统。最后的选举结果表明,预测完全正确。于是,人们对“无以伦比的原子大脑”所具有的神奇功能留下了不可磨灭的印象。 随后的第1代计算机,只是在内存贮器方面有所改进,例如,哈佛大学的“马克3号”计算机首先采用磁鼓作为数据与指令的存贮器。磁
1st and 2nd generation computers Among the first generation of well-known computers are the UNIVAC-1 type computers, which were developed in June 1951 under the sponsorship of Ekter and Mauchly. When the United States held its presidential election in November 1952, it used a UNIVAC-Ⅰ machine to sample and analyze 5% of the votes. Within 45 minutes after the election, the UNIVAC-I quickly predicted that Eisenhower would be elected president. The final election results show that the forecast is completely correct. As a result, people have an indelible impression of the magical power of the “unmatched atomic brain.” Subsequent generation 1 computers only improved in memory. For example, the “Mark 3” computer at Harvard University first used a drum as a storage for data and instructions. magnetic