泌尿道感染是儿科常见疾病,此感染包括膀胱炎和肾盂肾炎。膀胱炎是指膀胱对细菌感染的炎症反应。典型的表现有尿频、尿痛、低热(<38.5℃)。肾盂肾炎是肾脏的细菌感染,通常病人有高热(>38.5℃)、寒颤、腰肋痛,但在小儿特别是婴儿和新生儿可无这些典型症状。而烦躁、嗜唾、发热、体重不增是主要表现。泌尿道 Urinary tract infections are common pediatric diseases, including cystitis and pyelonephritis. Cystitis is the inflammatory reaction of the bladder to bacterial infections. Typical manifestations are frequent urination, dysuria, fever (<38.5 ℃). Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys. Usually, patients have high fever (> 38.5 ℃), shivering and back pain, but these typical symptoms are not found in children, especially infants and newborns. And irritability, saliva, fever, weight gain is the main performance. Urinary tract