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自1987年以来,挪威调查了几个已应用大坝安全风险分析技术的工程,主要是针对运行中的大坝。1997年,挪威水资源和能源局(Water Resources and Energy Directorate,NVE)针对大坝发布了风险分析导则。此后,在制定大坝安全导则时,风险分析就成为了一个议题。在2009年版的《大坝安全条例》中,设定了在制定应急行动计划、规划保障公共安全的安全措施和规划用以保护大坝敏感信息的安全措施时,都应使用风险分析。挪威国家电力公司Statkraft是挪威国内的主要大坝业主,他们已经按照相关条例的要求,在大坝安全管理中实行了风险分析。文章概述了Statkraft公司如何在实践中使用风险分析,并且概述了大坝安全导则和条例的制定情况。
Since 1987, Norway has investigated several projects that have applied dam safety risk analysis techniques, mainly to running dams. In 1997, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate (NVE) released risk analysis guidelines for the dam. Since then, risk analysis has become an issue in the development of dam safety guidelines. In the 2009 edition of the “Dam Safety Regulations,” risk analysis should be used when formulating a contingency plan of action, planning safety measures to protect public safety, and planning safety measures to protect sensitive information in a dam. Statkraft, the Norwegian national utility, is a major dam owner in Norway and has implemented a risk analysis in dam safety management as required by the relevant regulations. The article outlines how Statkraft uses risk analysis in practice and outlines the development of dam safety guidelines and regulations.