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在各有关农场和种植单位协助下,采集了我国产龙舌兰属5个种17个植物样品,证实其中皆含有甾族药物的原料海柯皂甙元。以番麻(Agave americana L.)、剑麻(A.sisalana Perr.)和无剌番麻(番麻的一个变种)中的含量高。为了进一步探讨它们作为生产甾族原料的可能性和生产上合理应用,选择了3种有代表性的样品,对其总甾族皂甙元进行了分离和鉴定。从福建生长的亚洲马盖麻(A.canatala Robb.当地称狭叶龙舌兰麻)中分离出β-谷甾醇(β-sitost-erol)、新替告皂甙元(Neotigogenin)、海柯皂甙元(Hecogenin)、芰脱皂甙元(Gitogenin)、绿莲皂甙元(Chlorogenin)和曼诺皂甙元(Manogenin)。从广东生长的假菠萝麻(A.angustifolia Haw当地称短叶龙舌兰麻)中分离出替告皂甙元(Tigogenin)、海柯皂甙元和绿莲皂甙元。从广东生长的无刺番麻中分离出替告皂甙元酮(Tigogenone)、β-谷甾醇、替告皂甙元、海柯皂甙元、9-去氢海柯皂甙元(9-Dehydrohecogenin)、绿莲皂甙元和海南皂甙元(Hainangenin)。本工作对利用国产龙舌兰麻生产海柯皂甙元或替告皂甙元提供了参考资料,在学术上也有一定意义。
With the assistance of all relevant farms and planters, 17 plant samples of 5 species of agave in China were collected, and it was confirmed that all of them contained the raw material of the Qiang medicine, Hacoaponin. The content is high in Agave americana L., A. sisalana Perr., and B. sinensis (a variant of ramie). In order to further explore the possibility of their use as raw materials for the production of Yi ethnic groups and their reasonable application in production, three representative samples were selected and their total steroidal saponins were isolated and identified. Isolation of β-sitosterol (β-sitoster-erol), Neotigogenin, and Hecoginin from Fujian-growth A.canatala Robb (locally known as Agave angustifolia) Hecogenin, Gitogenin, Chlorogenin and Manogenin. Tigogenin, Hacoside, and Green Lotus saponin were isolated from the pseudo pineapple (A. angustifolia Haw), which was grown in Guangdong. Separation of Tigogenone, β-sitosterol, saponin, sapogenin, 9-Dehydrohecogenin, and green from spiny barbs grown in Guangdong Lotus leptin and Hainan saponin (Hainangenin). This work provides reference materials for the production of Hakosaponin or for the use of agave in domestically produced agave, and it also has a certain academic significance.