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目的了解凉山州艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染者和艾滋病(AIDS)病人(HIV/AIDS病人)的营养状况及营养知识知晓情况。方法采取定性访谈的方式,于2008年10-11月,以社区为基础招募HIV/AIDS病人及其家属各20名、社区相关人员30名,进行个人深入访谈。结果凉山州HIV/AIDS病人营养不良的比例较高,饮食结构单一化,营养素摄入不均衡且数量不足。同时当地医护人员的营养知识水平很低,针对HIV/AIDS病人的护理和管理知识比较缺乏,妨碍了对HIV/AIDS病人在饮食习惯和营养搭配上及时给予科学指导,家属和病人自身严重缺乏营养健康知识和自我护理能力。结论应加大社区营养知识的宣传力度,促进对HIV/AIDS病人的饮食习惯的科学指导和及时管理,以降低其营养不良状况的发生。
Objective To understand the nutritional status and nutritional knowledge of HIV-infected and AIDS patients (HIV / AIDS patients) in Liangshan Prefecture. Methods By means of qualitative interview, from October to November 2008, 20 community-based HIV / AIDS patients and their relatives and 30 community-related personnel were recruited to conduct in-person interviews. Results The ratio of malnutrition to HIV / AIDS in Liangshan Prefecture was higher, the diet structure was simpler, the nutrient intake was unbalanced and the quantity was not enough. At the same time, local doctors and nurses have very low level of nutritional knowledge. The lack of knowledge on HIV / AIDS patients ’nursing and management hinder timely and timely scientific guidance on HIV / AIDS patients’ eating habits and nutrition. Families and patients themselves are severely deprived of nutrition Health knowledge and self-care skills. Conclusion Publicity of community nutritional knowledge should be strengthened to promote scientific guidance and timely management of HIV / AIDS patients’ eating habits to reduce their malnutrition.