今年八月十九日是法国大科学家兼文学家勃莱士·巴斯加尔去世的三百周年纪念日。他是今年世界和平理事会决定纪念的文化名人之一。巴斯加尔这个名子,对我们来说是不生疏的。凡是念过初中物理学课本的,都会知道著名的巴斯加尔液压定律。这位法国学者一生对科学作出了一些什么样的贡献呢? 巴斯加尔出生以前,新的实验科学已经开始。伽利略研究物体的下墜是在十六世纪的九十年代。在1600年,吉伯发表了名著《关于磁体》。在这部书里,他叙述了他所做的对于磁性体的新观察与新实验,并且设法理解他所看到的现象。在1610年伽利略用望远镜看到了木星的卫星。在1620年,法兰西斯·培根发表了《新工具》一书,主张对于自然界的观察不应受着古 August 19th of this year marks the three-decade anniversary of the death of French scientist and writer Blaise Basgar. He is one of the cultural celebrities that the World Peace Council decided to commemorate this year. The name Basgar is not strange to us. Those who have studied junior high school physics textbooks will know the well-known Basgar hydraulic law. What kind of contribution did the French scholar make to science throughout his life? Before Basgar was born, new experimental science has begun. The fall of Galileo’s study of objects was in the nineties of the sixteenth century. In 1600, Gibbs published the famous book “On Magnets.” In this book, he describes his new observations and experiments on magnetics and tries to understand what he sees. In 1610 Galileo saw Jupiter’s satellite with a telescope. In 1620, Francis Bacon published the book “New Tools”, arguing that observation of the natural world should not be affected by ancient times.