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目的观察早期滴服喂养对早产极低出生体重儿的喂养效果及其相关并发症的发生情况,探讨其临床应用价值。方法 2006年6月至2008年12月滨州医学院附属医院新生儿科收治的早产极低出生体重儿45例,分为观察组(早期滴服喂养组)23例,对照组(早期鼻胃管喂养组)22例。观察奶量增加速度、体重增长速度、经奶头喂养时间、达全口喂养时间、恢复出生体重时间、胎粪完全排出时间、累计光疗时间、住院时间及其相关并发症的发生情况。结果与对照组比较,观察组体重增长速度快(P<0.05),奶量增加速度明显加快(P<0.01),经奶头喂养时间、达全口喂养时间、恢复出生体重时间、胎粪完全排出时间、累计光疗时间及住院时间明显缩短(P<0.01)。吸入性肺炎、胃出血及口腔炎的发生率减少(P<0.05),呼吸暂停、呕吐及腹胀的发生率明显降低(P<0.01)。结论早期滴服喂养能较快提高胃肠道喂养的耐受性、缩短病程、减少并发症,值得临床推广应用。
Objective To observe the effects of early dropping feeding on the feeding effect of premature and very low birth weight infants and the related complications, and to explore its clinical value. Methods From June 2006 to December 2008, 45 cases of preterm very low birth weight infants admitted to Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College were divided into observation group (early drop feeding group) and control group (early nasogastric tube feeding Group) 22 cases. To observe the increase in milk volume, weight gain, feeding time after teat, full feeding time, birth weight recovery time, complete excretion of meconium time, cumulative phototherapy time, hospitalization time and its related complications. Results Compared with the control group, the body weight of the observation group increased rapidly (P <0.05) and the milk volume increased significantly (P <0.01). After the nipple feeding time, the full mouth feeding time, the birth weight recovery time and the complete excretion of meconium Time, cumulative phototherapy time and hospitalization time were significantly shorter (P <0.01). The incidence of aspiration pneumonia, gastric hemorrhage and stomatitis decreased (P <0.05), and the incidence of apnea, vomiting and bloating decreased significantly (P <0.01). Conclusion Early drip feeding can rapidly increase gastrointestinal tract feeding tolerance, shorten the course of disease and reduce complications, which is worthy of clinical application.