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微生物风险评估主要评估食品中的微生物性病原可能对人群引起的潜在危害,以指导风险管理者制定相应的管理措施。单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌是一种重要的食源性致病菌,由于该菌引发的疾病致死率较高,且其暴发常出现于工业加工食品中而引起了世界范围内的广泛关注。JEMRA及美国FDA/FSIS分别对即食食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌进行了定量评估并发布了完整的评估报告。各国也有对本国特定食品中单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌进行评估的文献报道。但在数据不足的情况下,也可通过定性/半定量的风险分级工具对不同来源的风险进行分级,并确定优先性。由于各国人群消费模式、消费量的不同,以及食品制作和处理方法上的差异会对暴露评估的结果产生影响,从而影响每份食品风险的大小,因此,各国有必要根据本国的情况对特定食品中的单核细胞增生李斯特氏菌进行相应的评估。
Microbiological risk assessment primarily assesses potential harm to humans caused by microbial pathogens in foods to guide risk managers in developing appropriate management practices. Listeria monocytogenes is an important food-borne pathogenic bacteria, due to the disease caused by a higher mortality rate of the disease, and its outbreaks often appear in industrial processed foods has caused widespread concern in the world . JEMRA and FDA / FSIS conducted a quantitative assessment of Listeria monocytogenes in ready-to-eat foods and published a complete assessment report. Some countries have also reported on the evaluation of Listeria monocytogenes in their particular foodstuffs. However, in the absence of data, risks from different sources may also be ranked and prioritized through qualitative / semi-quantitative risk stratification tools. Because of differences in consumption patterns, consumption levels, and methods of food production and processing in different countries, the impact of exposure assessments will have an impact on the size of each food risk. Therefore, it is necessary for each country to select the specific food Listeria monocytogenes in the corresponding assessment.