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应用水力压裂技术对大斜度井和水平井进行增产处理是世界上各类油田提高油井产能的成功方法。在过去的两年里,一家作业公司在巴西的浅海油田成功应用了一项新的技术——多重水力压裂技术,该技术在解决深水油田问题方面是可行的。本文在油藏研究的基础上,讨论了一种用来判定水平深水井需要横向裂缝的最佳数量的方法。该方法从油田地质和地层方面入手.能更准确地弄清裂缝的方位、断层性质及区域构造特征。通过对这些特征的初步认识.利用导向井和水平井钻井方式来确定钻遇的碳酸盐岩地层的孔隙度和渗透率参数。在实时生产数据研究的基础上,通过井测试和节点分析来研究油藏各种参数的变化。然后.结合横向裂缝与井的交错关系.用数值模拟的方法预测产量。通过对比净现值和裂缝数量之间的关系来进行经济评估,最终确定最佳的横向裂缝数量。本文对生产结果进行了评价,与其他海上水平井的处理效果进行了对比。
The application of hydraulic fracturing technology to increase production of high-deviated wells and horizontal wells is a successful method for improving well productivity in all kinds of oil fields in the world. In the past two years, a homework company successfully applied a new technology in the shallow-sea oilfields of Brazil, the Multiple Hydraulic Fracturing Technology, which is feasible in solving deepwater oilfield problems. Based on reservoir studies, this paper discusses a method that can be used to determine the optimal number of horizontal cracks needed for horizontal wells. This method starts from the geology and strata of the oilfield, and can more accurately understand the orientation of fractures, the nature of faults and the regional tectonic features. Through the initial understanding of these features, the parameters of porosity and permeability of the carbonate formations encountered are determined using the pilot and horizontal well drilling methods. Based on the research of real-time production data, the variation of various parameters in the reservoir is studied through well test and node analysis. Then, combining the staggered relationship between transverse cracks and wells, the yield is predicted by numerical simulation. Economic evaluation is carried out by comparing the relationship between the net present value and the number of fractures, finally determining the optimum number of lateral cracks. The paper evaluates the production results and compares them with those of other offshore horizontal wells.